Migrant Workers' Job Choices and Consumption Differences in China: Theoretical Explanation and Empirical Evidence

Collected Essays on Finance and Economics ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 3-13.

Migrant Workers' Job Choices and Consumption Differences in China: Theoretical Explanation and Empirical Evidence

LIU Lili¹, NING Guangjie², CHEN Jianjian³

1. School of Economics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
2. School of Business, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China;
3. College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

Received:2020-07-20 Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-06-03

农民工的就业选择与消费差异:理论解释及经验证据

刘丽丽¹, 宁光杰², 陈建建³

1.南开大学经济学院,天津 300071;
2.山东大学商学院,山东威海 264209;
3.天津大学管理与经济学部,天津 300072

作者简介:刘丽丽(1991-),女,山西平陆人,南开大学经济学院博士生;宁光杰(1972-),男,山东烟台人,山东大学商学院教授;陈建建(1989-),男,江西上饶人,天津大学管理与经济学部博士生。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(71973081);四川省农村发展研究中心青年项目(CR1921)

Abstract

Abstract: This research studies the impact of employment choice on rural-to-urban migrants' consumption level by using the RUMiC data from 2016 to 2017 and adopting multiple treatment effect model. The paper finds the following results: Compared with wage earners, the consumption of the self-employed has increased significantly by 30.7%, mainly from opportunity entrepreneurs, while the consumption of necessity entrepreneurs hasn't improved significantly. In addition, the intermediate mechanism for the improvement of consumption level is the increase of income and the enhancement of long-term residence willingness for opportunity entrepreneurs. Analysis of different quantiles of consumption levels and different regions show that necessity entrepreneurs have no significant impact on the 5% quantile of consumption levels, while the 50% and above quantiles have a significant impact. For necessity entrepreneurs, if they flow into the central or western region, their consumption doesn't show any significant difference from that of wage earners, but if they migrate to the eastern region, their consumption is significantly higher than that of wage earners. Lastly, compared with wage earners, necessity entrepreneurs significantly increase the living expenses, opportunity entrepreneurs mainly improve expenditures for postal communication and transportation, which are determined by their work patterns. Therefore, in order to boost China's consumption level, the research advocates strengthening the training of migrant workers' entrepreneurial skills and promoting the transition from necessity entrepreneurs to opportunity entrepreneurs.

Key words: Wage Earners, Necessity Entrepreneurs, Opportunity Entrepreneurs, Rural-to-urban Migrants, Consumption Level

摘要： 本文采用2016~2017年RUMiC数据,使用多元处理效应模型考察就业选择对农民工消费水平的影响。研究结果发现,相比于工资获得者,自我雇佣者的消费水平显著提高30.7%,其主要源自机会型自我雇佣者,而生存型自我雇佣者的消费水平无明显变化。对机会型自我雇佣者而言,消费水平提升的中间机制是收入提高和长期居住意愿增强。对消费水平的不同分位点和不同地区农民工的异质性分析表明,生存型自我雇佣对消费水平的5%分位数无显著影响,50%及以上分位数具有显著影响。对生存型自我雇佣者而言,若流入中西部地区,其消费水平与工资获得者无显著差异;若流入东部地区,其消费水平显著高于工资获得者。相比于工资获得者,生存型自我雇佣者的居住支出显著提升,机会型自我雇佣者的通讯邮寄费和交通燃油费明显增加,这是由其工作模式决定的。据此,本研究建议加强农民工创业技能培训,促进生存型自我雇佣转向机会型自我雇佣,以提振我国的消费水平。

关键词: 工资获得者, 生存型自我雇佣, 机会型自我雇佣, 农民工, 消费水平

CLC Number:

F063.2

LIU Lili, NING Guangjie, CHEN Jianjian. Migrant Workers' Job Choices and Consumption Differences in China: Theoretical Explanation and Empirical Evidence[J]. Collected Essays on Finance and Economics, 2021, 37(6): 3-13.

刘丽丽, 宁光杰, 陈建建. 农民工的就业选择与消费差异:理论解释及经验证据[J]. 财经论丛, 2021, 37(6): 3-13.

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