Abstract: This paper systematically analyzes the impact of “domestic openness” and “foreign openness to China” in the service market on the upgrading of the manufacturing value chain from the perspective of “bilateral openness” in the service market. The research results are as follows: (1)In the absence of the “foreign openness to China” variable, the promoting effect of “domestic openness” on the upgrading of the manufacturing value chain is overestimated;(2)Both “domestic openness” and “foreign openness to China” significantly promote the upgrading of the manufacturing value chain, with the effect of “domestic openness” being greater;(3)The impact of “domestic openness” and “foreign openness to China” on the upgrading of the manufacturing value chain exhibits significant heterogeneity;(4)Both “domestic openness” and “foreign openness to China” promote the upgrading of the manufacturing value chain through channels such as service technology spillovers, market competition effects, innovation incentive effects, and cost reduction for enterprises;(5)In the process of promoting the upgrading of the manufacturing value chain, “domestic openness” and “foreign openness to China” demonstrate a substitutive relationship, with the substitution relationship between China and the United States being greater than that of other economies. This implies that in the context of the continued tightening and gradual blockade of openness to China by developed countries, China can continue to drive the ascent of the manufacturing value chain through proactive “domestic openness”.

Key words: Service Market, Two-way Openness, Value Chain Upgrading, Substitution Relationship

摘要： 本文基于服务市场“双向开放”的视角,系统剖析“本国对外开放”和“外部对华开放”对制造业价值链升级的影响。研究结果显示:(1)在遗漏“外部对华开放”变量的情形下,“本国对外开放”对制造业价值链升级的促进作用被高估;(2)“本国对外开放”和“外部对华开放”均显著促进制造业价值链升级,且“本国对外开放”的促进作用更大;(3)“本国对外开放”和“外部对华开放”对制造业价值链升级的影响具有明显的异质性特征;(4)“本国对外开放”和“外部对华开放”均通过服务市场技术溢出效应、服务市场竞争效应、企业创新能力和企业成本等渠道促进企业价值链升级;(5)“本国对外开放”和“外部对华开放”在促进制造业价值链升级的过程中呈现替代关系,且中美之间的替代关系强于其他经济体。这意味着当前在西方发达国家对华开放持续收紧和逐步封锁的背景下,中国可凭借积极主动的“本国对外开放”继续驱动制造业价值链攀升。

关键词: 服务市场, “双向开放”, 价值链升级, 替代关系