Abstract: The Airlines’ production efficiency improvement is the fundamental purpose of market reform. The Double Difference Estimation is used to examine the influence of market reform on airlines’ production efficiency. Market reform didn’t significantly improve the load factors, but it significantly improved the labor productivity and reduced the fuel consumption. So, The basis of deepen reform and improving production efficiency is boosting the competition oriented market reform, perfecting ticket price formation mechanism and deepen civil aviation airlines’ reform.

摘要： 航空公司的生产效率改善是民航运输业市场化改革根本目的。采用双重差分估计法，检验了市场化改革对航空公司生产效率的影响。市场化改革虽没有显著地提高客座率，但显著地提高了劳动生产率和降低了燃油消耗。因此，继续推进竞争导向的市场化制改革、完善机票价格形成机制以及深化民航直属航空公司改革是深化民航运输业市场化改革和改善航空公司生产效率的基础。