Abstract: Factors misallocation caused by the factor distortions in service industry is a significant phenomenon in the development process of China’s service industry, but it has been ignored by many researchers by a long time. The empirical results show that the misallocation extent of labor is larger than capital. There are significant regional differences about the factors misallocation types and extent in the service industry. The estimation results about output losses show that, during the year 2004-2010, factors misallocation lead to the output losses about 9% to 11% in service industry and the output losses are gradually increasing. As the factors misallocation’s contribution to the local output losses in service industry, eastern is lager than central and western. The labor factor’s contribution to the output losses in services is larger than the capital factor’s in all the three regions.

摘要： 服务业要素价格扭曲导致的要素错配是我国服务业中存在的一个明显现象，但长期以来这一问题并未得到足够关注。实证结果表明，劳动要素错配的影响大于资本要素。要素错配类型和程度存在显著的地区差异。估算结果表明，2004-2010年间，要素错配对服务业产出约造成了9%~11%的损失，且呈逐年增大的趋势。东部地区的要素错配对本地区服务业产出损失的贡献大于中西部地区，三大地区劳动要素错配对服务业产出损失的贡献都要大于资本要素错配的贡献。