我国农村普惠金融的空间相关特征和影响因素分析——基于上海财经大学2015“千村调查”

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于上海财经大学2015年“千村调查”的微观数据,运用信息熵法衡量我国农村地区普惠金融发展程度,并运用空间计量模型验证普惠金融在村庄之间的空间传染效应,以空间的视角分析影响普惠金融发展的因素。研究发现:我国农村普惠金融的发展普遍偏低,东部相对较好,中部最差;农村普惠金融发展存在明显的空间传染效应,地理矩阵下的空间传染效应尤其突出;东部地区显著的HH型村庄较多,中部地区显著的LL型村庄较多;空间滞后模型是分析地理矩阵空间特征下普惠金融影响因素的最佳模型,经济发展水平、基层民主、科学技术和快递点均影响我国农村地区的普惠金融发展。

关键词: 普惠金融, 空间相关性, 影响因素

Abstract:

Base on the micro data of 2015 “Investigation of Thousands of Villages” conducted by Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, this paper uses the information comentropy method to measure the development of inclusive finance in Chinese countryside and applies the spatial econometric models to examines the spatial correlations among villages and the influencing factors. The results indicate that the development of the inclusive finance in the countryside of China is far from satisfacory. Comparatively speaking, the development of the inclusive fincance is better in eastern area s than in western areas, and it's the worst in central areas. There are obvious spatial correlations in the development of inclusive finance in the countryside, which are most conspicuous in the geographical matrix. There are more HH villages in eastern areas, and more LL villages in central areas. The spatial lag model is the best model to analyze the influencing factors of inclusive finance. Economical development level, democracy at the grassroots level, science & technology,and express shops all have an effect on the development of inclusive finance in Chinese countryside.

Key words: inclusive finance, spatial correlation, influencing factors

中图分类号:

F830

方蕾, 粟芳. 我国农村普惠金融的空间相关特征和影响因素分析——基于上海财经大学2015“千村调查”[J]. 财经论丛, 2017, 33(1): 39-48.

FANG Lei, SU Fang. Analysis of the Spatial Correlation and Influencing Factors for Inclusive Financeof Chinese Countryside——Based on 2015 “Investigation of Thousands of Villages” by SUFE[J]. , 2017, 33(1): 39-48.

参考文献

[1]Morrison P. S. ,O'Brien R. Bank branch closures in New Zealand: The application of a spatial interaction model[J]. Applied Geography, 2001, 21(4), pp.301-330.
[2]Leyshon A. ,Thrift N. The restructuring of the UK financial services industry in the 1990s: A reversal of fortune?[J]. Journal of Rural Studies, 1993, 9(3), pp.223-241.
[3]Leyshon A. ,Thrift N. Access to financial services and financial infrastructure withdrawal: Problems and policies[J]. Area, 1994, 26(3), pp. 268-275.
[4]Leyshon A. ,Thrift N. Geographies of financial exclusion: Financial abandonment in Britain and the United States[J]. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 1995, 20(3), pp. 312-341.
[5]Wentzel P. Diatha S. ,Yadavalli S. An investigation into factors impacting financial exclusion at the bottom of the pyramid in South Africa[J]. Development Southern Africa, 2016, 33(2), pp. 202-214.
[6]Lamb L. Financial exclusion and financial capabilities in Canada [J]. Journal of Financial Economic Policy, 2016,8(2), pp.212-227.
[7]许圣道,田霖.我国农村地区金融排斥研究[J].金融研究,2008,(7):195-206.
[8]董晓林,徐虹.我国农村金融排斥影响因素的实证分析——基于县域金融机构网点分布的视角[J].金融研究,2012,(9):115-126.
[9]薛宝贵,何炼成.市场竞争、金融排斥与城乡收入差距[J].财贸研究,2016,(1):1-8.
[10]Sarma M. & Pais J. Financial inclusion and development: A cross country analysis[A]. Annual Conference of the Human Development and Capability Association, New Delhi[C]. 2008.
[11]Sarma M. & Pais J. Financial inclusion and development[J].Journal of International Development, 2011, 23(5), pp. 613-628.
[12]Arora, U.Measuring Financial Access[Z]. Griffith University, Discussion Paper in Economics, 2010, (7), pp. 1-21.
[13]Cebulla, A.A geography of insurance exclusion: Perceptions of unemployment risk and actuarial risk assessment[J]. Area, 1999, 31(2), pp.111-121.
[14]Joassart-Marcelli P. and Stephens P. Immigrant banking and financial exclusion in Greater Boston[J]. Journal of Economic Geography, 2010, 10(6), pp. 883-912.
[15]李涛,王志芳,王海港.中国城市居民的金融排斥状况研究——基于微观调查数据的经验证据[J].经济研究,2010,(7):15-30.
[16]Komarova Y. and Gonzalez L. Competition against common sense: Insights on peer-to-peer lending as a tool to allay financial exclusion[J]. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 2015, 33(5), pp.605-623.
[17]曹廷贵,苏静,任渝.基于互联网技术的软信息成本与小微企业金融排斥度关系研究[J].经济学家,2015,(7):1-10.
[18]Beck T. DemirgüÇ-Kunt A. and Peria M. Reaching out: Access to and use of banking services across countries[J]. Journal of Financial Economics, 2007, 85(1), pp. 234-266.
[19]Gupte R. Venkataramani B. and Gupta D. Computation of financial inclusion index for India[J]. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012,(37), pp.133-149.
[20]Rahman M. H. Employees' motivation in public and private commercial banks in Bangladesh: A study on need-based approach[J]. Global Disclosure of Economics and Business, 2013, 2(2), pp. 98-91.
[21]Ambarkhane D., Singh A. S., Venkataramani B. Measuring financial inclusion of Indian states[J]. International Journal of Rural Management, 2016, 12(1): 72-100.
[22]张国俊,周春山,许学强.中国金融排斥的省际差异及影响因素[J].地理研究,2014,(12):1-9.
[23]胡永宏.对统计综合评价中几个问题的认识与探讨[J].统计研究,2012,(1):26-30.
[24]粟芳,初立苹.中国金融业综合融资能力的动态比较及特征分析[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2013,(11):90-107.
[25]吕勇斌,邓薇,颜洁.金融包容视角下我国区域金融排斥测度与影响因素的空间分析[J].宏观经济研究,2015,(12):51-62.
[26]林光平,龙志和,吴梅.中国地区经济σ-收敛的空间计量实证分析[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2006,(4):14-23.
[27]魏下海.人力资本、空间溢出与省际全要素生产率增长——基于三种空间权重测度的实证检验[J].财经研究,2010,(12):94-104.
[28]Moran P. Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena[J]. Biometrika, 1950, 37(1/2), pp. 17-23.
[29]Anselin L. The Moran Scatterplot as An ESDA Tool to Assess Local Instability in Spatial Association[M]. Morgantown, WV: Regional Research Institute, West Virginia University, 1993.
[30]Anselin L. Local indicators of spatial association—LISA[J]. Geographical Analysis, 1995, 27(2), pp. 93-115.
[31]Devlin J. F. A detailed study of financial exclusion in the UK[J]. Journal of Consumer Policy, 2005, 28(1), pp. 75-108.
[32]田霖.我国金融排斥的城乡二元性研究[J].中国工业经济,2011,(2):36-45.
[33]Koku P. S. Financial exclusion of the poor: A literature review[J]. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 2015,(5), pp. 654-668.
[34]陶磊.中国少数民族地区金融排斥研究[D].成都:西南财经大学博士学位论文,2013.
[35]魏晃.我国金融排斥问题研究[D].厦门:厦门大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[36]霍焰.农民收入增长与农村金融发展的互动研究[D].长春:吉林大学博士学位论文,2013.
[37]Bunyan, S., Collins, A., Torrisi, G. Analysing household and intra-urban variants in the consumption of financial services: Uncovering “Exclusion” in an English city[J]. Journal of Consumer Policy, 2016, 39(2): 1-23.
[38]Alamá L. & Tortosa‐Ausina E. Bank branch geographic location patterns in Spain: Some implications for financial exclusion[J]. Growth and Change, 2012, 43(3), pp. 505-543.
[39]张英.我国快递行业发展现状及策略探究[J].时代金融,2012,(10):201-201.
[40]谢平,邹传伟.互联网金融模式研究[J].金融研究,2012,(12):11-23.
[41]Anselin L. & Hudak S. Spatial econometrics in practice: A review of software options[J]. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 1992, 22(3), pp. 509-536.
[42]Anselin L. Bera A. K. & Florax R. Simple diagnostic tests for spatial dependence[J]. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 1996, 26(1), pp. 77-104.
[43]Arraiz I., Drukker D. M., Kelejian H. H., et al. A spatial Cliff-Ord-type model with heteroskedastic innovations: Small and large sample results[J]. Journal of Regional Science, 2010, 50(2): 592-614.