关键词: 小微企业, 税收优惠, 企业社会责任

Abstract: Achieving high-quality economic and social development depends on enterprises actively and comprehensively fulfilling their corporate social responsibilities while maximizing their own interests and forming complementary relationships with government departments. In response to the triple adverse impacts of demand contraction, supply shocks, and weakened expectations, various combinations of tax incentive policies have been introduced successively. Whether these tax incentives, while effectively reducing the burden on small and micro enterprises and generating direct economic benefits, also encourage enterprises to more actively fulfill their social responsibilities, has become a practical issue worthy of in-depth discussion. Based on the theoretical analysis, this article constructs a fixed-effects model and uses the survey data from Chinese small and micro enterprises to empirically investigate the impact of the combined tax incentives, namely the halving of corporate income tax and the increase in the value-added tax threshold, on the fulfillment of social responsibilities by small and micro enterprises. Empirical results show that the two tax incentives have asymmetric effects on the fulfillment of social responsibilities by small and micro enterprises: the halving of corporate income tax significantly stimulates the positive incentives for small and micro enterprises to fulfill their social responsibilities, while the policy effect of raising the value-added tax threshold is not significant. Mechanism analysis reveals significant differences between the two types of tax incentives in alleviating the financing constraints of small and micro enterprises, enhancing liquidity, reducing subjective and objective tax burdens, which are important reasons for the asymmetry in fulfilling corporate social responsibility. Further analysis by subdividing corporate social responsibility into internal employee responsibility and external social public responsibility finds that the halving of corporate income tax significantly encourages small and micro enterprises to provide more assistance to internal employees in terms of both inclination and magnitude, and also has a significantly positive impact on their inclination and magnitude of external donations. On the other hand, the impact of raising the value-added tax threshold on the internal and external social responsibility behavior of small and micro enterprises is not significant. Achieving high-quality economic and social development relies on enterprises actively and comprehensively fulfilling corporate social responsibility while maximizing their own interests. To this end, this article also provides corresponding policy implications to encourage small and micro enterprises to better fulfill their social responsibilities.

Key words: Small and Micro Enterprises, Tax Incentives, Corporate Social Responsibility