关键词: 城市商业银行, 资本要素市场整合, 渐进双重差分法

Abstract: Promoting the market-oriented reform of factors and building a national unified large market are the inherent requirements for the construction of the new development pattern at present, among which the integration of capital factor market is an important content for establishing a national unified large market and an important support for promoting domestic circulation. Although the existing literature has explored the causes and influencing mechanisms of market segmentation in China in many aspects, the academia has failed to pay enough attention to how the development of local financial institutions affects the integration of capital factor markets. Therefore, this paper breaks through the previous research paradigm of market segmentation, and puts the local financial development and capital factor market integration into a unified framework to study the impact of the establishment of city commercial banks on capital factor market integration, which has important theoretical and practical significance for how to optimize the local financial system in China to promote the integration of capital factor market and build a unified large market.
Based on the data of cities in China and the database of Chinese industrial enterprises from 1998 to 2013, this paper takes the establishment of city commercial banks as a quasi-natural experiment, and systematically examines the relationship between the establishment of city commercial banks and the integration of capital factor markets by using the progressive double difference method, and focuses on analyzing the channel mechanism of their functions. The empirical results show that the establishment of city commercial banks significantly promotes the integration of capital factor market, and the above conclusions are still valid in a series of robustness tests, such as parallel trend test, multi-process time effect estimation, replacement of important variables, exclusion of policy interference, listed companies and provincial capital cities. The analysis of impact mechanism shows that the establishment of city commercial banks can increase the proportion of small and medium-sized banks, promote banking competition, improve regional banking competition level, promote financial resources to flow from inefficient departments to efficient departments, and stimulate financial market vitality. At the same time, due to the high financing flexibility of city commercial banks, it can increase the opportunities for enterprises to obtain loans, promote the free flow of capital factors, and then promote the integration of capital factor market. However, in this process, local governments often use their influence on city commercial banks to directly or indirectly intervene in the business transactions and credit allocation of city commercial banks, which will weaken the competitive effect brought by the establishment of city commercial banks. At the same time, for the purpose of developing regional economy, local governments may also influence the flow direction of credit funds through administrative means, making it easier for local enterprises to obtain loans, which will further aggravate the mismatch of credit resources and affect the integration of capital factor market. Further analysis of the establishment and merger of city commercial banks in different places shows that the establishment of city commercial banks in different places will promote the cross-regional flow of capital factors, which is conducive to the integration of capital factor market, but the expansion of the number of city commercial banks in different places will aggravate the imbalance of capital factor allocation between regions and hinder the integration of capital factor market. In addition, the merger of city commercial banks does not play a significant role in promoting the integration of capital factor market.
By studying the influence of the establishment of city commercial banks on the integration of capital factor market, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions on promoting the construction of a unified national large market from the aspects of encouraging, supporting and guiding the development of small and medium-sized financial institutions such as city commercial banks, optimizing the equity structure of city commercial banks and reducing government intervention, and suggests that the risks brought by the expansion of regional financial institutions should not be neglected in the process of promoting regional financial development.

Key words: City Commercial Banks, Capital Factor Market Integration, Stagger Difference-in-Differences