关键词: 就业, 开发区升级, 营商环境, 集聚效应, 投资

Abstract: Under the external shock of upgrading development zones, this article, combined with the city-level data from 2007 to 2022, uses a multi-period double difference model to examine the impact of development zone upgrade on the urban employment level. The research results show that the upgrading of development zones significantly improves the level of urban employment, and plays its role through three channels: optimization effect of business environment, enterprise agglomeration effect, and investment pull effect. Compared to the economic development zone, the employment promotion effect of upgrading the high-tech zone is more significant. For development zones with a large number of upgrades, emerging industries as the leading industries, smaller urban scales, lower marketization level, and with higher transportation convenience, the employment promotion effect of development zone upgrades is greater, and the effect varies among industries. The upgrading of development zones has significant economic effects, increasing the income levels of urban and rural residents while widening the urban-rural income gap. The above research conclusions have significant references for the current government departments to improve stable employment policies.

Key words: Stable Employment, Upgrading of Development Zones, Business Environment, Agglomeration Effect, Investment