财经论丛 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 28-41.

• 财政与税务 • 上一篇    下一篇

数据要素共享与地方政府债务化解:基于财政韧性的视角

曾宇1,3, 刘蓉1, 熊阳2   

  1. 1.西南财经大学财政税务学院,四川 成都 611130;
    2.西南财经大学科研处,四川 成都 611130;
    3.中共重庆市委党校经济学教研部,重庆 400000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-24 出版日期:2026-04-10 发布日期:2026-04-09
  • 作者简介:曾宇(1996—),女,四川泸州人,西南财经大学财政税务学院博士生;刘蓉(1965—),女,四川成都人,西南财经大学教授;熊阳(1988—),女,四川成都人,西南财经大学科研处助理研究员,博士。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD078);教育部人文社会科学规划项目(20YJA790046)

Data Sharing and Local Government Debt Resolution: A Fiscal Resilience Perspective

ZENG Yu1,3, LIU Rong1, XIONG Yang2   

  1. 1. School of Public Finance and Taxation, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2. Office of Scientific Research, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China;
    3. Department of Economics, Party School of the Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chongqing, 400000, China
  • Received:2025-06-24 Online:2026-04-10 Published:2026-04-09

摘要: 防范化解地方政府债务风险是提升地方财政韧性、保障经济平稳运行的重要支撑。债务韧性作为财政韧性的关键构成,集中体现了财政体系在债务层面的抗风险与自适应能力。本文结合2020—2022年公共数据开放平台数据和区县全口径债务数据,系统考察了公共数据开放对地方债务韧性的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:(1)数据要素开放共享降低了窗口期内债务系统的脆弱性和风险性,债务韧性通过信用扭曲缓解机制和资金配置优化机制得以显著提升;(2)数据要素的防风险效应具有非对称性,在数字基础设施更完善、数据开放范围更广、质量更高的地区表现得更为突出;(3)公共数据开放不仅有助于地方政府应对外部不确定性冲击,其价值化利用还能够突破传统政府治理技术边界,产生空间外溢效应与财政收入反哺效应。本文为大数据时代下创新政府债务风险治理提供了理论支撑和经验证据。

关键词: 数据要素, 公共数据开放, 地方政府债务, 财政韧性

Abstract: Preventing and resolving local government debt risks is an important underpinning for enhancing local fiscal resilience and ensuring the stable operation of the economy. As a core component of fiscal resilience, debt resilience embodies the fiscal system's risk resistance and adaptive capacity at the debt level in a concentrated manner. Based on the data from public data open platforms and the full-caliber debt data of districts and counties during the period of 2020—2022, this paper systematically examines the impact of public data openness on local debt resilience and its underlying mechanism. The findings reveal that: (1) Open data sharing reduces the vulnerability and risk of the debt system within the observed window, significantly enhancing debt resilience through mechanisms of optimized fund allocation and mitigated credit distortions. (2) The risk-mitigating effect of data openness exhibits significant heterogeneity, being more pronounced in regions with better digital infrastructure, broader data coverage, and higher data quality. (3) Further analysis indicates that public data openness not only helps local governments cope with external uncertainties but also, through its value-creating utilization, transcends the limitations of traditional governance technologies, generating positive spatial spillovers and fiscal revenue feedback effects.

Key words: Data Elements, Public Data Openness, Local Government Debt, Fiscal Resilience

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