Abstract: Based on the non-competitive (import) constant price input-output tables, this paper estimates the influence of the Sino-Indian trade on China’s carbon emissions, and used the structural decomposition method to research the driving factors that affected the Sino-Indian embodied carbon emissions. Results are to some degree different from the findings of the embodied pollution emissions between China and developed countries, on one hand, in the Sino-Indian trade, China is in the “pollution surplus” status, but China's net trade carbon content didn’t growth rapidly, China’s environmental terms of trade didn’t deteriorate, but continue to improve; on the other hand, the main reason that lead to our continued pollution surplus to India is the trade surplus of China to India rather than China’s technology level and the trade commodity structures. Therefore, in order to reduce our country’s pollution emissions during foreign Trade with developing countries, China should make a choice between “trade surplus” with “pollution deficit”.