Abstract: [Abstract] there are many factors that affect consumer buying decision, the development of chain supermarket of agricultural products. understand and resolve these issues favorable to promote the development of agricultural supermarket chains. Therefore, this article attempts to obtain data on a random sample survey of consumers in Changsha, developed 19 factor, by screening identified 16 factors have a significant impact; then use structural equation (SEM) and R-type cluster analysis demonstrated 16 factors on agricultural supermarket chains buy influence decisions. And as a basis for the development of agricultural supermarket chain made a series of constructive suggestions, provide reference to enhance the management level and competitiveness of agricultural supermarket chains.