Abstract: Discussing the formation mechanism of income inequality between urban residents has a very important significance on revealing the essence of income inequality, looking for ways to narrow the income inequality between urban residents and promoting harmonious economic and social development. On the basis of comprehensive sort of relevant research results at home and abroad, this paper made the literature review and comment on the formation mechanism of the income inequality between urban residents and prospected the research direction in the future from the aspects of differences in the basic characteristics of individual workers, differences in the level of human capital, differences in location determinants, efficiency wage ,industry labor productivity, institutional factors and trade monopolies.

摘要： 探讨城镇居民收入不平等形成机理，对于揭示城镇居民收入不平等问题的本质，寻找缩小城镇居民收入不平等的途径，促进经济社会和谐发展具有十分重要的意义。文章在全面梳理国内外相关研究成果的基础上，从劳动者个人基本特征差异、人力资本水平差异、地区因素差异、效率工资与劳动生产率、制度因素与垄断等方面对城镇居民收入不平等形成机理进行文献回顾与评述，并对未来的研究方向进行展望。