Abstract: Summary: social capital and human capital are important factors for the impact of income inequality. Based on the survey of 3,083 migrant workers from 21cities in Guangdong province, the paper describes the overall situation of migrant workers income in Guangdong Province, income inequality, the employment status of human capital and social capital, and analyse the causes of inequality and poverty.The study found some conclusions, such as the migrant workers’ income Gini coefficients is in the reasonable range and it is significantly lower than the national overall Gene coefficient; the gap of migrant workers’ income inequality is not large between various regions; Human capital is the most important factor leading to income inequality and cultural factors pay great unequal contribution in the human capital variables. To this end, the paper put forward some policy suggestions, such as increasing investment in education, strengthening the training of migrant workers, and improving the overall level of education and skill levels; Strengthening the social security of migrant workers; enhancing the employability of migrant workers; promoting equal access to basic services in the city ,and then improving income inequality.

摘要： 提要：社会资本与人力资本是影响收入不平等的重要因素。论文以广东省21个地级以上市的农民工调查资料为基础，描述了广东省农民工的工资收入整体情况、收入不平等状况，以及农民工的人力资本、社会资本情况，分析了不平等与贫困形成的原因。研究发现：广东全省农民工工资基尼系数属于较为合理的区间范围, 明显低于全国整体基尼系数；全省各地区之间农民工工资不平等程度差异不大；人力资本是导致收入不平等的最重要因素，在人力资本变量中, 文化程度对不平等的贡献率最大。为此，提出一些政策建议，要求加大教育投入，加强农民工培训，提高整体受教育水平和技能等级；提升农民工就业能力，促进城市基本公共服务均等化，加强农民工社会融入,改善收入不平等状况。