Abstract: Achieving high-quality economic and social development depends on enterprises actively and comprehensively fulfilling their corporate social responsibilities while maximizing their own interests and forming complementary relationships with government departments. In response to the triple adverse impacts of demand contraction, supply shocks, and weakened expectations, various combinations of tax incentive policies have been introduced successively. Whether these tax incentives, while effectively reducing the burden on small and micro enterprises and generating direct economic benefits, also encourage enterprises to more actively fulfill their social responsibilities, has become a practical issue worthy of in-depth discussion. Based on the theoretical analysis, this article constructs a fixed-effects model and uses the survey data from Chinese small and micro enterprises to empirically investigate the impact of the combined tax incentives, namely the halving of corporate income tax and the increase in the value-added tax threshold, on the fulfillment of social responsibilities by small and micro enterprises. Empirical results show that the two tax incentives have asymmetric effects on the fulfillment of social responsibilities by small and micro enterprises: the halving of corporate income tax significantly stimulates the positive incentives for small and micro enterprises to fulfill their social responsibilities, while the policy effect of raising the value-added tax threshold is not significant. Mechanism analysis reveals significant differences between the two types of tax incentives in alleviating the financing constraints of small and micro enterprises, enhancing liquidity, reducing subjective and objective tax burdens, which are important reasons for the asymmetry in fulfilling corporate social responsibility. Further analysis by subdividing corporate social responsibility into internal employee responsibility and external social public responsibility finds that the halving of corporate income tax significantly encourages small and micro enterprises to provide more assistance to internal employees in terms of both inclination and magnitude, and also has a significantly positive impact on their inclination and magnitude of external donations. On the other hand, the impact of raising the value-added tax threshold on the internal and external social responsibility behavior of small and micro enterprises is not significant. Achieving high-quality economic and social development relies on enterprises actively and comprehensively fulfilling corporate social responsibility while maximizing their own interests. To this end, this article also provides corresponding policy implications to encourage small and micro enterprises to better fulfill their social responsibilities.

Key words: Small and Micro Enterprises, Tax Incentives, Corporate Social Responsibility

摘要： 各种税收优惠政策在切实减轻小微企业负担的同时,是否也促进了小微企业履行社会责任？本文基于中国小微企业调查数据,实证考察了包含企业所得税减半征收和增值税起征点提升的组合式税收优惠对小微企业履行社会责任的影响。结果表明,两项税收优惠对小微企业履行社会责任的影响呈现非对称性表现:企业所得税减半征收对小微企业履行社会责任具有显著的正向激励作用,而增值税起征点提升的政策效应并不显著。两种税收优惠在缓解小微企业融资约束、增强资金流动性、减低主观税负和客观税负方面存在显著差异,而且所得税优惠显著激励了小微企业对内部员工的帮扶倾向和力度,对小微企业对外捐赠倾向和力度亦有促进作用,但增值税优惠的相应影响均不显著。本文为激励小微企业更好地履行社会责任提出了相应的政策启示。

关键词: 小微企业, 税收优惠, 企业社会责任