Collected Essays on Finance and Economics ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 46-56.

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Can Government Digital Procurement Promote Enterprise Digital Transformation? Analysis Based on Government Procurement Contracts Big Data and BERT Model

ZHANG Jiacai1, YU Dianfan1, YAN Zhimin2   

  1. 1. College of Business, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China;
    2. Shanghai Branch, Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP, Shanghai 200120, China
  • Received:2024-04-27 Online:2024-11-10 Published:2024-11-12

政府数字采购能否促进企业数字化转型?——基于政府采购大数据和BERT模型的分析

张家才1, 余典范1, 严志敏2   

  1. 1.上海财经大学商学院,上海 200433;
    2.安永华明会计师事务所(特殊普通合伙)上海分所,上海 200120
  • 通讯作者: 张家才(1994—),男,湖北恩施人,上海财经大学商学院博士生。
  • 作者简介:余典范(1979—),男,湖南常德人,上海财经大学商学院教授,博士;严志敏(1995—),女,安徽宣城人,安永华明会计师事务所(特殊普通合伙)上海分所,硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BJY039);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2023110139)

Abstract: As an important industrial policy on the demand side, government procurement plays an important role in enterprises' development and technological progress. Based on China's government procurement contracts data and listed company database from 2014 to 2021, this article uses the BERT model to identify government digital procurement (DP) contracts, and empirically tests the impact of government DP contracts on enterprise digital transformation and its influence mechanism. It is found that government DP significantly promotes the enterprise digital transformation, and this effect still holds after a series of robustness tests. The results of the mechanism test show that DP can effectively alleviate corporate financing constraints, promote digital innovation, enhance future expectations, and thereby improve the endogenous motivation of enterprise digital transformation. The sub-sample results indicate that the promotion effect is more obvious in non-state-owned enterprises, companies with executives from science and technology backgrounds, digitalization-following companies and manufacturing companies. The analysis of procurement methods finds that the promotion effect of central government procurement contracts and cross-province DP is more significant. The analysis in this article further expands the research scope of enterprise digital transformation, and has important reference significance for the government to use demand-side tools to guide enterprises to accelerate digital transformation.

Key words: Government Digital Procurement, Enterprise Digitalization, Digital Transformation, Market Expectations, Digital Innovation

摘要: 政府采购作为需求侧产业政策,对企业发展具有重要支撑和引领作用。本文基于2014—2021年中国政府采购大数据和上市公司数据库,利用人工智能BERT模型识别政府数字采购,实证检验了政府数字采购对企业数字化转型的影响和作用机制。研究发现,政府数字采购显著促进了企业数字化转型,且这一效应在经过一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。机制检验结果表明,政府数字采购可以有效缓解企业融资约束、促进数字创新、提升未来预期,进而提高企业数字化转型内生动力。分样本检验发现,政府数字采购对企业数字化转型的促进效应在非国有企业、有理工科背景高管的企业、数字化跟随企业和制造业企业中更加明显,且中央采购和异地数字采购的促进效应更强。本文进一步拓展了企业数字化转型的影响因素分析,对政府运用需求侧工具引导企业加速数字化转型具有重要的借鉴意义。

关键词: 政府数字采购, 企业数字化, 数字化转型, 市场预期, 数字创新

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