Abstract: Raising corporate social security contributions is an important part of improving the social security system and the key to sharing the fruits of reform and development. Taking A-share listed enterprises from 2008 to 2017 as samples, this study uses the exogenous shock of the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets and adopts the difference-in-differences model to test the impact of tax incentives on corporate social security contributions and its mechanism.
The study finds that the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets significantly boosts the social security contributions of enterprises in the pilot industry, by an average of 5. 20 percentage points. The mechanism analysis results show that the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets alleviates the financing constraints of enterprises, enhances their profitability and social insurance payment base, thereby promoting their social insurance contributions. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets has a greater impact on the social security contributions of non-state-owned enterprises, capital-intensive enterprises, and enterprises that offer better protection of employees' rights and interests, and are located in areas with higher minimum wage standards and marketization level.
In addition, the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets significantly improves the total factor productivity of enterprises by promoting social security contributions, and enhances the incentive effect of social security contributions on the total factor productivity of enterprises. The research conclusions of this study provide a new perspective for exploring the governance mechanism of enterprises' social security contributions, and offer decision-making reference for further optimizing and improving tax preferential policies as well as ensuring the safety and sustainable development of social insurance funds.

Key words: Tax Incentives, Accelerated Depreciation Policy for Fixed Assets, Social Insurance Payment, Employee Benefit

摘要： 企业社保缴费是社会保障体系的重要组成部分,也是共享改革发展成果的关键。本文以2008—2017年A股上市公司为样本,利用固定资产加速折旧政策的外生冲击,采用双重差分方法,检验了税收优惠对企业社保缴费的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,固定资产加速折旧政策显著促进了试点行业内企业的社保缴费,平均提升了5.20个百分点。机制分析结果表明,固定资产加速折旧政策通过缓解企业融资约束,提高企业盈利能力和社保缴费基数,进而促进了企业社保缴费。异质性分析结果显示,固定资产加速折旧政策对非国有、资本密集度较大、员工权益保护较好以及位于最低工资标准和市场化水平较高地区企业的社保缴费影响更大。此外,固定资产加速折旧政策通过促进社保缴费显著提升了企业全要素生产率,增强了社保缴费对企业全要素生产率的激励效应。本文的研究结论为探索企业社保缴费的治理机制提供了新的视角,为进一步优化和完善税收优惠政策以及保障社保基金的安全和可持续发展提供了决策参考。

关键词: 税收优惠, 固定资产加速折旧政策, 社保缴费, 员工福利