Abstract: This paper uses Engel curve method to investigate the trend of consumption inequality of migrants based on the data of Chinese Household Income Projects (CHIP) from 2002 to 2018. The empirical results show that on the basis of correcting the measurement error, the consumption inequality of migrants showed an upward trend from 2002 to 2018, especially in the period of 2007—2013, when the consumption inequality expanded by 1.3 times. The increase of consumption inequality is more significant for migrants in the eastern region, with employer-provided social security, with short-term residence and aged below 35. The most important factor that influences consumption inequality of migrants has changed from wage levels of household head to characteristics of household head, with individual heterogeneity playing a more important role, as its contribution increased from 14.8% in 2002 to 41.4% in 2018. In the context of building a new development pattern, more attention should be paid to the demand side to relieve the consumption inequality, and stimulate the consumption of the migrants.

Key words: Consumption of Migrants, Consumption Inequality, New Development Pattern, Demand Side Management

摘要： 本文基于2002—2018年中国居民收入调查数据,采用恩格尔曲线法考察流动人口消费不平等的变动趋势。实证结果表明,在修正度量误差的基础上,2002—2018年流动人口消费不平等呈上升趋势,尤其是2007—2013年扩大1.3倍;从群体异质性来看,东部地区、雇主提供社会保险、短期居留、35岁及以下的流动人口消费水平的分化更为明显。同时,流动人口消费不平等的成因也发生改变,工资水平对消费不平等的解释力度逐渐下降,个体特征则明显增强(由2002年的14.8%升至2018年的41.4%)。在构建新发展格局的背景下,应进一步加强需求侧管理,调节消费领域不平衡问题,挖掘流动人口消费潜力。

关键词: 流动人口消费, 消费不平等, 新发展格局, 需求侧管理