Abstract: Although the compound growth rate of shadow banking of traditional financial institution is 39.2%, which is almost 8 points higher than that of other types of financial intermediaries, there are few researches on the impact that financial structure has on the evolution, dimension and measurement of shadow banking. Therefore, by drawing parallel between U.S. and China, this paper builds a progressive frame of shadow banking on consideration of financial structure and analyzes its measurement under different dimensions. Finally, it provides the corresponding government strategies.