Abstract: This paper examines how governmental accounting basis affects fiscal transparency on the international level. The analysis find that: budget report with the cash basis as the core measurement basis and government financial accounting information based on accrual basis can promote fiscal transparency greatly; socio-cultural factors can significantly affect the fiscal transparency. The contribution of this paper is extracting common factors that affect fiscal transparency and evaluating the degree of their influence objectively, which gives some theoretical significance to explore effectively China’s budget transparency reform path and governmental accounting policy options.

Key words: Governmental Accounting, Accounting Basis, Environment, Fiscal Transparency