Abstract: New-type urbanization acts as the power to increase the demand and promote sustainable economic development, and the quality of population urbanization is the core content of urbanization. Based on the mechanism between the quality of population urbanization, consumption and economic growth, we conducted empirical study about the effect of consumer demand and consumption structure as well as the effect of quality of population urbanization on economic growth through transmission mechanism of consumption, using the datum from 1978 to 2014. The result shows that the quality of population urbanization does have a positive effect on growth, yet the effect does not totally conform with significance test because of expense environment and so on. Secondly, the quality of population urbanization can upgrade consumption structure as long as we release early accumulation of negative effects. Thirdly，the quality of population urbanization and economic growth has formed a dynamic system, also it has been proved there is transmission mechanism which can effect economic growth, yet the positive effect is being replaced by negative effect because of the former extensive pattern of urbanization.