关键词: 数字普惠金融, 新老两代农民工, 多维贫困, 空间杜宾模型, 面板门槛模型

Abstract: Under the dual background of the post poverty alleviation era and the vigorous development of digital economy, exploring the digital governance path of relative poverty is of great significance to improve the poverty governance system and enhance the efficiency of poverty governance in the new era. Based on the data of Chinese Migrants Dynamic Survey from 2014 to 2017, this paper first uses the AF method to measure the multi-dimensional poverty of the new and old generations of migrant workers in five dimensions: income, education, employment, health and life. Secondly, using the digital inclusive finance index of Peking University, this paper contructs the Spatial Durbin Model to verify the impact of the digital inclusive finance on the multi-dimensional poverty of the new and old generations of migrant workers in China, and two methods are used to conduct robustness tests. Finally, the transmission mechanism and nonlinear relationship between the digital inclusive finance and the multi-dimensional poverty of new and old migrant workers are further discussed by using the intermediary effect model and the panel threshold model.
The research results are as follows: Firstly, the multi-dimensional poverty level of migrant workers in China is not high, and has gradually improved over time, but there are still obvious intergenerational and regional differences: the multi-dimensional poverty level of the new migrant workers is lower than that of the old and the multi-dimensional poverty gap among migrant workers in the east, middle, west and northeast of China shows a trend of first expanding and then narrowing. Secondly, from the perspective of the spatial auto-correlation test, the multi-dimensional poverty of the new and old generations of migrant workers in China has positive spatial agglomeration, and fluctuates and rises with the passage of time. Specifically, from 2014 to 2017, the significant area of the multi-dimensional poverty developed from point decentralized distribution to centralized and contiguous distribution. Thirdly, the digital inclusive finance can effectively alleviate the multi-dimensional poverty of migrant workers in China, and the mitigation effect on the old generation of migrant workers is higher than that of the new generation of migrant workers. In addition, the provincial mobility of migrant workers and the participation of health archives can also alleviate their multi-dimensional poverty. Finally, the digital inclusive finance can alleviate the multi-dimensional poverty of migrant workers by improving their employment opportunities. At the same time, the contribution of employment opportunities to the new generation of migrant workers is higher than that to the old generation of migrant workers. Moreover, the digital inclusive finance has significant nonlinear threshold characteristics. With the development of the economy, the role of the digital inclusive finance in alleviating the multi-dimensional poverty of the new and old generations of migrant workers in China will be further strengthened.
According to the above research findings, the following suggestions are put forward: Firstly, it is essential to improve China's digital construction and give full play to the positive role of the digital inclusive finance in alleviating the multi-dimensional poverty of migrant workers. Secondly, when establishing local poverty alleviation policies, we should not only pay attention to the local poverty-causing factors and poverty alleviation measures, but also strengthen poverty alleviation exchanges and cooperation with adjacent areas. Thirdly, migrant workers should be integrated into the minimum living security system for local residents, and employment policy for migrant workers should be implemented, especially high-quality employment to solve the multi-dimensional poverty of migrant workers in terms of health and employment. Fourthly, pay attention to the threshold effect of the digital inclusive finance on multi-dimensional poverty of migrant workers, and strive to improve the quality of the regional economic development.

Key words: Digital Inclusive Finance, New and OLd Generations of Migrant Workers, Multi-dimensional Poverty, Spatial Durbin Model, Panel Threshold Model