财经论丛 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 17-27.

• 经济高质量发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

公共数据开放、产学研合作与关键数字技术突破

金 环1, 牛子恒2, 岳中刚1   

  1. 1.南京邮电大学经济学院,江苏 南京 210023;
    2.山东财经大学经济学院,山东 济南 250014
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-21 发布日期:2025-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 岳中刚(1979—),男,河南南阳人,南京邮电大学经济学院教授。
  • 作者简介:金环(1993—),男,安徽合肥人,南京邮电大学经济学院讲师;牛子恒(1994—),男,山东淄博人,山东财经大学经济学院讲师。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(72403130);国家社会科学基金项目(24CJL042;23BJL078)

Public Data Access, Industry-university-research Cooperation and Key Digital Technological Breakthroughs

JIN Huan1, NIU Ziheng2, YUE Zhonggang1   

  1. 1. School of Economics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China;
    2. School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China
  • Received:2025-01-21 Published:2025-09-10

摘要: 本文利用2009—2021年中国沪深A股上市公司制造业数据,以地级市公共数据开放平台的上线作为准自然实验,考察公共数据开放对企业关键数字技术突破的影响及机制。研究结果发现:公共数据开放平台上线后,企业在关键数字技术领域的发明专利数显著增加;公共数据开放通过产学研合作推动企业关键数字技术突破,且信息化和数据要素市场化的建设水平提升发挥了正向调节作用;公共数据开放更能促进知识吸收能力较强、经济政策不确定性感知较弱、技术更迭速度较快、行业竞争较强、人力资本水平较高和知识产权保护力度较强的企业关键数字技术突破;公共数据开放质量的提升同样显著促进企业关键数字技术突破,且平台建设质量的推动效果优于开放数据质量。上述结论为政府进一步扩大公共数据开放范围、引导产学研深度融合、推动制造业由资源驱动型转向自主创新型提供有益的启示。

关键词: 公共数据开放, 数字技术, 产学研合作, 信息化, 数据要素市场化

Abstract: This paper utilizes the manufacturing data of China's A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2009 to 2021, and takes the online of public data opening platform of prefecture-level cities as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of public data opening on the breakthrough of key digital technologies of enterprises and its mechanism. It is found that the number of invention patents of enterprises in key digital technology fields increases significantly after the public data opening platform goes online. Mechanism analysis shows that public data openness promotes enterprises' key digital technology breakthroughs through promoting industry-university-research cooperation, and the improvement of informatization and data factor marketization level can play a positive moderating role. Heterogeneity results show that public data openness has a greater impact on key digital technology breakthroughs of enterprises with strong absorptive capacity and weak uncertainty perception, enterprises with fast technology turnover and competitive industries, and enterprises in regions with high levels of human capital and strong intellectual property protection. The extended analysis also finds that the improvement of public data opening quality can also significantly promote the key digital technology breakthroughs of enterprises, and the order of priority is “platform construction quality > open data quality”. The findings of the study provide useful insights for the government to further expand the scope of public data opening, guide the deep integration of industry, academia and research, and then promote the transformation of the manufacturing industry from being resource-driven to being independent and innovative.

Key words: Public Data Access, Digital Technology, Industry-university-research Cooperation, Informatization, Data Factor Marketization

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