财经论丛 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 49-62.

• 财政与税务 • 上一篇    下一篇

财政压力、“合作型”政府干预与企业投资

张跃文1, 李慧2,徐 枫1   

  1. 1.中国社会科学院金融研究所,北京 100710;
    2.中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,北京 102488
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-04 发布日期:2025-09-10
  • 作者简介:张跃文(1973—),男,吉林长春人,中国社会科学院金融研究所研究员,博士;李慧(1997—),女,内蒙古包头人,中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院博士生;徐枫(1983—),男,湖北蕲春人,中国社会科学院金融研究所副研究员,博士。平安证券股份有限公司朱重光和中国人民银行甘肃省分行陈秀山对本文亦有贡献。
  • 基金资助:
    中国社会科学院学科建设“登峰战略”资助计划优势学科“金融与发展”(DF2023YS28)

Fiscal Pressure, “Cooperative” Government Intervention and Corporate Investment

ZHANG Yuewen1, LI Hui2, XU Feng1   

  1. 1. Institute of Finance and Banking, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100710, China;
    2. Faculty of Applied Economics, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 102488, China
  • Received:2024-12-04 Published:2025-09-10

摘要: 财政压力能否促使地方政府影响企业投资决策进而增加税收收入?本文利用2008—2023年上市公司数据和部分宏观数据构造双向固定效应模型,研究了这一问题。研究发现,在现行税制下地方政府倾向于通过实施“合作型”政府干预,促使企业进行过度投资以获取更多间接税收入,在进行了一系列内生性和稳健性检验以后,该结论依然成立;民营企业、劳动密集型企业以及成长期和成熟期企业更容易受到政府干预的影响;地方经济法制化程度的提高以及大股东持股有助于抑制财政压力对企业投资的影响。基于上述研究结论,本文提出加快财税体制改革、提高经济法制化程度、公平对待民企与国企并杜绝地方政府不当干预、完善企业管理层考核体系等建议,为中央及地方政府制定财税政策和企业治理政策提供参考。

关键词: 企业投资, 政府干预, 财政压力

Abstract: This paper investigates whether fiscal pressure prompts local governments to influence corporate investment decisions to boost tax revenue, using panel data of listed companies from 2008 to 2023 along with selected macroeconomic indicators. Employing a two-way fixed effects model, the study finds that under the current tax system, local governments tend to adopt a “cooperative” intervention approach, encouraging firms to engage in over-investment to generate more indirect tax revenue. This conclusion remains robust after a series of endogeneity and robustness tests. The effects are more pronounced in private firms, labor-intensive enterprises, and firms in the growth and maturity stages. Furthermore, higher levels of local legal institutionalization and greater ownership by controlling shareholders help mitigate the impact of fiscal pressure on corporate investment. Based on these findings, the paper recommends accelerating fiscal and taxation system reform, enhancing the legal environment, ensuring equal treatment of private and state-owned enterprises while curbing improper government intervention, and improving executive performance evaluation systems. These insights provide valuable references for both central and local governments in formulating fiscal policies and for improving corporate governance.

Key words: Corporate Investment, Government Intervention, Fiscal Pressure

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