关键词: 公共科研机构, 技术转移, 专利转让, 关键核心技术突破, 技术创新

Abstract: Domestic technology transfer provides support for overcoming bottlenecks in key core technologies and achieving technological self-reliance. Based on the patent assignment data of public research institutions from 2012 to 2022, this paper constructs a technology transfer network and examines the impact of technology transfer from public research institutions on breakthroughs in firms' key core technologies. Results show that the technology transfer significantly promotes breakthroughs in firms' key core technologies. Mechanism tests reveal that technology transfer primarily facilitates such breakthroughs through knowledge acquisition, financial support, and human capital optimization. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that, regarding firm characteristics, the promoting effect is stronger in firms with higher absorptive capacities, large scale, and state ownership. In terms of external environmental traits, the effect is more pronounced in firms closer to technology transfer institutions, in regions with stronger intellectual property protection, and in fiercely competitive industries. Extended analysis demonstrates that technology transfer not only provides crucial support for firms under escalating external technological sanctions but also contributes to the cultivation of firms' advantages in key core technologies. This study offers significant insights into promoting the in-depth integration of industry-academia collaboration and constructing an autonomous innovation system for key core technologies.

Key words: Public Research Institutions, Technology Transfer, Patent Assignment, Breakthroughs in Key Core Technologies, Technological Innovation