关键词: 数字化转型, 税务筹划, 有效性指标, 文本分析, 内部控制

Abstract: In the era of the digital economy, whether enterprise digital transformation can empower internal management activities and enhance resource allocation efficiency has become a focal issue of common concern for both academia and practice. Tax planning, as a resource-intensive activity highly reliant on information processing and internal governance, may provide an ideal setting for examining the true effects of digital transformation. Based on data from A-share listed companies spanning the period 2007 to 2023, this paper employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to construct an indicator of tax planning effectiveness for Chinese A-share listed firms, and further investigates whether and how digital transformation influences this effectiveness. By constructing digital transformation indicators through textual analysis of corporate annual reports, we find that digital transformation significantly improves tax planning effectiveness, a result that remains robust across a variety of robustness checks. Further analyses reveal that this positive effect is more pronounced among state-owned enterprises, firms with higher R&D investment, and enterprises operating in high-tech industries. Mechanism tests indicate that digital transformation enhances tax planning effectiveness primarily by alleviating information asymmetry, reducing agency costs, and mitigating internal control deficiencies. This study not only extends the research boundary of the economic consequences of digital transformation from the perspective of tax management, but also provides decision-making references for enterprises to optimize fiscal management through digital technology and achieve a win-win outcome for both government and business.

Key words: Digital Transformation, Tax Planning, Effectiveness, Textual Analysis, Internal Control