Abstract: according to the analysis of the extension of the Barro model, the government debt ratio can be used as an important explanatory variable of economic growth. Based on the 2009-2013 panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China, by using SYS-GMM method to test and measure, the results showed that there is a U-shaped relation between our local government debt and economic growth. And that the quantitative relationship between the debt ratio and the growth of regional economy shows that in the province of government which debt rate is higher promoting regional economy are more obvious, but the long-term relationship between the two remains to be seen. To prevent the government's debt risk, we should focus on the control of the overall national debt scale, rather than to the various provinces and cities to develop a unified government debt “red line”.