Abstract: This paper uses the DEA Model orientated by financial investment to make a static decomposition and dynamic analysis on the supply efficiency of the fundamental public service in 31 provinces in China from 2013 to 2017. The result shows that in recent five years, the fiscal general supply efficiency of China's fundamental public service has failed to make remarkable improvement. From the perspective of pure technological efficiency, however, the management level and the system efficiency of most regions have improved obviously. The slow improvement in the general efficiency is due to the declining scale returns. From the changing track of the variation coefficient in the general efficiency, the difference between the production efficiency of fiscal funds in different provinces has yet to be shortened. The general supply efficiency of the three major economic regions are ranked as follows: The central region is on top of the list, followed by the eastern region and the western region. Therefore, this paper proposes that while improving supply approaches of public service, the fiscal department and local governments should gradually minimize their single and monopolistic role in the service supply process, so as to prevent the governmental function from exceeding its authorities and taking care of everything. By introducing public-private cooperation and government's purchasing of public service, vitality is expected to be fully stimulated on the public goods supply of different social groups, so as to assist in optimizing the scale efficiency of the government's public service supply. At the same time, in regard to the declining pure technological efficiency of some individual regions, it is very important to promote resource sharing and technological innovation during public service supply, and reinforce the performance and supervision of the overall supply process.

Key words: DEA Window Analysis, Basic Public Services, Supply Efficiency, Supply Approach Improvement

摘要： 本文运用以财政投入为导向的DEA模型对我国内地31个省份2013～2017年基本公共服务的供给效率分别进行了静态分解和动态分析,实证结果表明:近5年来,我国基本公共服务的财政端综合供给效率未能得到显著提升,但从纯技术效率的角度出发,绝大多数地区的管理水平和制度效率提升明显,总体效率提升缓慢的原因在于规模报酬的降低。从综合效率变异系数的变化轨迹上来看,各地在公共资源投产利用效率上的差距并没能得到有效缓解,三大经济地带整体供给效率的排序为:中部地区>东部地区>西部地区。为此,本文提出在公共服务供给方式优化上,财政和地方政府应逐步淡化其在服务供给过程中所扮演的单一、垄断的角色,防止政府职能出现过多的越位和包办。通过完善公私合作和政府购买公共服务,以充分激发社会不同主体供给公共产品活力,并可协助政府不断提高公共服务供给的规模效率。同时,针对个别地区纯技术效率降低的情况,推动公共服务供给过程中的资源共享与技术创新并加强整体供给过程的绩效考核与监督也显得尤为重要。

关键词: DEA视窗分析, 基本公共服务, 供给效率, 供给方式优化